What is ffmpeg?

1. Rip VHS to AVI via VirtualDub
2. Upscale, resample, and deinterlace raw file in VirtualDub (Break out large video into separate pieces here using batch operations)
3. Compress video(s) with Handbrake
4. Touch up file(s) with ffmpeg commands

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sn_TDa9zY1c

• Use WinDV for ingestion. It will break out each stop/start on the tape into new files.
• Touch up for YT spec with all inclusive script, if audio is off, switch to mono.

1. Use Handbrake
2. Touch up files with ffmpeg commands if home videos

1. Use MakeMKV
2. If looking to compress, use Handbrake post-MakeMKV

https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.html#Description http://ankitshah009.blogspot.com/2015/02/useful-ffmpeg-commands.html

https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/1722171 https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/4603579?hl=en

ffmpeg -i input -c:v libx264 -preset slow -profile:v high -crf 18 -coder 1 -pix_fmt yuv420p -movflags +faststart -g 30 -bf 2 -c:a aac -b:a 384k -profile:a aac_low output

When building out bash scripting, you will need to run your ffmpeg commands with -nostdin if you are piping in variables with paths¹⁾. ffmpeg uses stdin for its commands, which will break your 'while read' commands.

for %%a in ("*.fileformat") do //insert ffmpeg command here//

Instead of the filepath or filename in your ffmpeg command use these shortcuts:

For %%A in ("%filename%") do (
    echo full path: %%~fA
    echo drive: %%~dA
    echo path: %%~pA
    echo file name only: %%~nA
    echo extension only: %%~xA
    echo expanded path with short names: %%~sA
    echo attributes: %%~aA
    echo date and time: %%~tA
    echo size: %%~zA
    echo drive + path: %%~dpA
    echo name.ext: %%~nxA
    echo full path + short name: %%~fsA)

So, for example, this script would take every m4v file inside of a folder, offset the audio back 1/4 of a second, and output it as a copy of the original file while keeping the same filename:

for %%a in ("*.m4v") do filepath-to-ffmpeg.exe -i "%%a" -itsoffset -0.25 -i "%%a" -map 0:v -map 1:a -c copy "filepath-to-other-folder\%%~na.m4v"

https://forum.videohelp.com/threads/356314-How-to-batch-convert-multiplex-any-files-with-ffmpeg https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9252980/how-to-split-the-filename-from-a-full-path-in-batch

https://www.videoproc.com/resource/ffmpeg-commands.htm

https://dev.to/drsensor/list-of-helpful-ffmpeg-command-for-checking-capabilities-1110

http://ksloan.net/watermarking-videos-from-the-command-line-using-ffmpeg-filters/

Example using Batch Script:

for %%a IN (foldername) DO ffmpeg -i %%a -i "Watermark.png" -filter_complex "overlay=0:0" -c:v copy -c:a copy outputfolder\%%a

Example using Powershell:

 gci "videofilefolder" | foreach-object {ffmpeg -i $_.FullName -i "Watermark.png" -filter_complex "overlay=0:0" -c:v copy -c:a copy "outputfolder\$_"}

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18444194/cutting-the-videos-based-on-start-and-end-time-using-ffmpeg
• https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1670/how-can-i-use-ffmpeg-to-split-mpeg-video-into-10-minute-chunks

Example using Powershell:

ffmpeg -ss 00:53:00 -i 'input' -avoid_negative_ts 1 -to 07:19:17 -c copy 'output'

https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Concatenate https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7333232/how-to-concatenate-two-mp4-files-using-ffmpeg https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18474312/concatenate-join-mp4-files-using-ffmpeg-and-windows-command-line-batch-not-lin

Make a text file in the same directory. Each video needs the word 'file' at the beginning of the line to delineate.

file videofile.mp4
file videfile2.mp4

Here's how I've scripted this. Note, this pertains more to macOS with the sed statement since the single quotes are needed, but the tweak for linux is to just remove the single quotes and the -e

find . -type f > concat.txt && sed -i '' -e '/^\.\/\.DS_Store$/d' -e '/^\.\/concat\.txt$/d' -e 's/^\.\///' -e 's/^/file /' concat.txt

Then, reference the text file as your input.

ffmpeg -f concat -i concat.txt -c copy output.mp4

https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Seeking#Cuttingsmallsections

Example in Batch:

for %i in (*.mkv) do
ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -ss 00:00:00.000 -to 00:01:00.251 -c copy clip1.mp4
ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -ss 00:01:01.251 -to 00:03:30.684 -c copy clip2.mp4
ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -ss 00:05:00.112 -to 00:07:00.254 -c copy clip3.mp4
pause

-itsoffset x.xx time in seconds. so, 0.25 is 1/4 of a second.

Example for adjusting audio, and compressing video:

#Adjusts audio and compresses file to output of your choice
ffmpeg -i 'input' -itsoffset 1.00 -i 'input' -map 0:v -map 1:a 'output'

Example for copying video only:

#Adjust audio, but just copy the file instead of compressing. Can not use an MKV container for this.
ffmpeg -i 'input' -itsoffset 0.25 -i 'input' -map 0:v -map 1:a -c copy 'output'

Example from the link. This mutes audio at the 59 second mark down to 0 and then back up at 1:01

ffmpeg -i input -vcodec copy -af "volume=enable='between(t,59,61)':volume=0" output

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29215197/mute-specified-sections-of-an-audio-file-using-ffmpeg When entering your time, it must be in seconds only. If you have a very long video, be sure to calculate out the exact seconds and enter that in. Example, four hours is 14400 seconds.

https://dev.to/dak425/add-fade-in-and-fade-out-effects-with-ffmpeg-2bj7

Use afade for audio, fade for video

• t=in → in point
• t=out → out point
• st=xx → start at xx (seconds into video)
• d=x → duration of fade (in seconds)

Below is an example of fading in audio at the 59 second mark, in 1 second, and fading out at 61 seconds for a second. Video remains un-encoded.

ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -vcodec copy -af "afade=t=out:st=59:d=1,afade=t=in:st=61:d=1" out.mp4

https://www.reddit.com/r/ffmpeg/comments/b2ygzt/increase_volume_on_multiple_files/

Trying to adjust MKV files. Safe bet, do all adjustments to MP4 file first, then MKV when permanent. - https://superuser.com/questions/1411133/ffmpeg-invalid-length-0x59f0-0x8bd7fe90-in-parent-when-trying-to-do-anything

https://superuser.com/questions/155305/how-many-threads-does-ffmpeg-use-by-default

https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/HWAccelIntro https://www.rickmakes.com/ffmpeg-notes/

Each OS has its own Platform APIs of hardware acceleration and additionally, Intel, AMD, and Nvidia GPUs have their own hardware acceleration protocols.

Nvidia on Windows/Linux has h264_nvenc, hevc_nvenc(h265), and av1_nvenc Intel on Windows/Linux has h264_qsv, hevc_qsv, etc…

macOS supports VideoToolBox for Intel QuickSync, such as h264_videotoolbox, hevc_videotoolbox, and prores_videotoolbox

https://dev.to/drsensor/list-of-helpful-ffmpeg-command-for-checking-capabilities-1110 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68977300/ffmpeg-more-than-1000-frames-duplicated-and-input-height-doesnt-match